In veterinary hospitals, the most common disinfection practice used on hard surfaces is application of chemical disinfectant. Steam and heat are typically used to disinfect instruments and soft surfaces. In this study, the authors investigated the efficacy of a nonindustrial steam cleaner for disinfecting various surfaces in a veterinary hospital. Pre- and posttreatment bacterial count samples were obtained from 5 surface types: concrete dog runs, smooth stainless steel kennel floors, smooth molded stainless steel tubs and sinks, smooth flat plastic laminate surfaces, and rubber mats on scales. Surfaces were treated for 10 seconds with a handheld steam unit. Bacterial organisms of interest were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp, and total coliforms. There were significant reductions in heterotrophic bacterial plate counts when steam was applied to dog runs and dog kennel floors. There was a significant reduction in Pseudomonas spp after steam cleaning of sinks. Although the total number of bacteria was reduced on other surfaces, none were reduced significantly; the rubber mat showed the worst results. Results indicate that steam disinfection could potentially replace or augment chemical disinfection on some but not all hospital surfaces; its use warrants further investigation. Study funded by Advanced Vapor Technologies