During each visit by a pet owner, the veterinarian must gather information on probable zoonoses, assess potential risks for human transmission, and educate the client about prevention and control. It is important to provide an atmosphere that encourages clients to share medical information pertinent to preventive health care for all family members. As such, many clients may be reluctant to provide medical information while staff are present in the examination room. Also, it is imperative that all employees who have access to patient medical records understand that, by law, these records must be treated with strict confidentiality.
The constraint imposed by time-limited appointments is a significant impediment to the process of data-gathering and information delivery. It may be helpful to use some simple strategies to both gather data and maximize the client's awareness of potential zoonoses.
- Videotapes and DVDs can be placed on continuous rotation on televisions or computer monitors in the waiting area and examination room. These resources can effectively begin the educational process.
- Brochures that discuss zoonoses should be readily available in the waiting area and examination room.
- Waiting room posters on zoonoses can also serve to prompt client questions.
- A thorough client history form will expedite the process of data gathering. Such forms may dramatically increase the amount and quality of information obtained in a short period. Depending on how the form is to be used, the client may complete it or the veterinarian may pose individual questions during the visit. Some clients may be more forthcoming if they are allowed to complete a form at their leisure.
- Provide clients with a written list of Web sites administered by public health or health care professionals that focus on pet-related zoonoses.
- Make a note in the pet's record about any information given to the client, and detail specific recommendations that are made.
- Use the clinic Web site to provide clients with more information on zoonoses and to point them toward useful Web sites.
- Veterinarians should always verbally educate clients about the risk posed by each suspected zoonotic disease. It is strongly suggested that written material be given to the client for review at home.
As noted above, the limited time available during most appointments severely hampers the amount of material that can be discussed. Regardless, the veterinarian is still responsible for assessing zoonotic risks to clients and providing necessary preventive health care information. At times, a follow-up phone call or appointment may be indicated if there is cause for concern. Additionally, it is important to note in the record that follow-up has taken place and to detail the specific information that has been delivered to the client. Redundancy in communication with the client is recommended.