Tooth brushing is considered the gold standard for preventing plaque and calculus buildup on dog teeth; however, pet owner compliance is often poor. Several studies have evaluated the efficacy of bones, various chews, specially textured diets, chelating agents, antimicrobials, and water-containing functional ingredients as alternatives to tooth brushing. Studies that evaluate these products must use a method of plaque and calculus quantification to demonstrate changes in calculus formation. Accurate evaluation of the quantity of plaque and calculus on dog teeth is therefore essential to allow for measurement of product efficacy.
In this study,* 26 miniature schnauzers were enrolled in a crossover study evaluating the effect of a daily dental chew on calculus buildup as compared with no chew. The amount of calculus was measured using 2 methods: the Warrick-Gorrel calculus index method, in which trained examiners assign a predefined category for calculus coverage and thickness, and the quantitative light-induced fluorescence method (QLFM), which uses a tool to acquire images of the teeth, followed by software analysis of the images to determine the average percentage of calculus present. The objective of this portion of the study was to determine if the QLFM was a viable tool for quantifying the amount of calculus on dog teeth.
QLFM was found to be a sensitive and precise method for quantification of calculus on dog teeth. The authors concluded that QLFM can remove the subjective element of human examiners and has greater accuracy and reduced variability. This method may also allow for smaller sample sizes in studies quantifying calculus.