Fifty-five dogs were included in the study. All were at least 24 months of age and had a history of allergic dermatitis and no apparent history of urinary tract disease or predisposition to UTI. Dogs with bacteriuria or positive urine culture and susceptibility results within the previous 24 months were excluded from the study. Steroids, antibiotics, cyclosporine, and lokivetmab were withdrawn for suitable periods before the study and were not allowed during the study. Forty-seven of the 55 dogs received oclacitinib for over 180 days and had follow-up urinalyses and quantitative urine cultures. The remaining dogs were withdrawn early due to need for systemic antimicrobials (n = 6), decreased efficacy of oclacitinib over time (n = 1), or urinary incontinence (n = 1); follow-up cultures were performed earlier in these dogs.
None of the study patients developed positive urine cultures during the study. A small number of dogs (n = 7) developed microscopic hematuria; however, in 6 of these dogs, this occurrence was suspected to be iatrogenic from cystocentesis. Granular casts, crystalluria, and pyuria were noted in 3 dogs, 9 dogs, and 1 dog, respectively. These developments were deemed not clinically significant because of lack of lower urinary tract signs and negative bacterial cultures.