This article reviewed imaging modalities and treatment strategies for dogs suffering traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is defined as a structural injury or physiological disruption of the brain induced by an external force and resulting in acute onset of 1 or more of the following: a period of decreased or lost consciousness, alteration in mental status, neurologic deficits, and/or an intracranial lesion. Up to 25% of dogs with severe blunt head trauma suffer from TBI. The modified Glasgow coma scale (MGCS)—which evaluates motor activity, brainstem reflexes, and level of consciousness—is an important prognostic indicator. Many dogs with TBI will recover; however, a recent study found that 10% of dogs studied developed posttraumatic epilepsy.